试论奥运会仲裁审查原则的实践及对2018年平昌冬奥会的启示 - 基于对冬奥会临时仲裁案件的分析 -
Discussion on the Practice of Review Principles to Arbitration for Olympics and the Inspiration to the 2018 Pyeongchang Olympics - Based on the Analysis on the Cases of Ad Hoc Arbitration for Winter Olympic Games -
吴日焕(中国政法大学); 薛泽涵(中国政法大学民商经济法学)
20권 3호, 151~167쪽
초록
CAS已在五届冬奥会期间设立了临时仲裁机构AHD。AHD仲裁本质上仍然属于体育仲裁，需要符合体育仲裁的一般原则，如遵循基本的程序公正原则。但是，AHD仲裁作为奥运会期间的临时仲裁在审查特定的体育纠纷时还需要考虑到奥运赛事的特殊性，衡量公平与效率的价值。本文梳理了AHD在冬奥会期间仲裁裁决的相关案件，统计了近几届冬奥会AHD仲裁裁决案件的类型、特点等，可以看到随着参与国家数量的提升，参与AHD仲裁的国家也在不断地增加；大量案件集中于传统热门项目；案件主要涉及参赛资格争议、赛事结果争议等。在此基础上，本文重点介绍了AHD在审查相关仲裁案件中采用的相关原则，结合个案阐述尊重专门机构原则、重新审查约束性原则、禁反言原则的内涵。本文认为，AHD仲裁遵循一定的程序与惯例，通过较为明确的审查原则及清晰的审查程序，在赛场内，一方面为运动员及其代表队的自我维权提供路径指引，规范维权行为，另一方面也发挥着“程序正当性”的价值指引作用，在尊重专门机构和裁判的决定的同时，保持对赛事客观公正的追求；在赛场外，提升参赛运动员的规则意识，锻炼主办方仲裁体制的运作能力，并将AHD制度的先进经验带到本国体育仲裁制度建设层面上。因此，这些案件的分析与总结对于平昌冬奥会AHD的设立与运作具有重要的借鉴意义。
Abstract
Abstract: CAS has set up a temporary arbitration institution Ad hoc Division (AHD) in the past five Winter Olympic Games. Essentially, AHD is still a kind of sports-arbitration, which is in line with the general principles of sports-arbitration, such as the principle of Due Process. However, in the review of specific sports disputes, AHD also need to take into account the particularities of the Olympic events, and measure the value of fairness and efficiency. In this article, we analyze the relevant cases of AHD arbitration, and summarize the types and characteristics of the AHD arbitration cases in recent Winter Olympic Games. From these cases, we could know, with the increase of countries participating in Winter Olympic Games, more countries have been got involved in AHD arbitration , a large number of cases are related to traditional sports, and most cases are concerning participation-eligibility and disputes of competition results. Based on the above researches, this article focuses on the relevant principles with respect to the arbitration cases, such as the principle of respecting the principles of specialized institutions, the principle of binding, and the principle of estoppel, adopted by AHD in reviewing the relevant arbitration cases. In our opinion, AHD arbitration follows a certain procedure and precedents. With the above principles and process, on the one hand, it provides the athletes and their team, with guidelines of self-protection. On the other hand, it further embodies the value of Due Process, with respect to the decision of the specialized agencies and referees, preserving the objective and fair goal of the game. Moreover, it also pushes the athletes to enhance the awareness of rules, helps the organizers to utilize the arbitration system, and encourages them to make the AHD advanced experience into building its national sports-arbitration system. Therefore, the analysis and summary of these cases are of great significance for the establishment and operation of AHD in Pyeongchang Olympic Games.
- 발행기관:
- 한국스포츠엔터테인먼트법학회
- 분류:
- 기타법학