이탈리아 디자인의 역사와 벨 디자인의 탄생에 관한 연구

Generally speaking, the term "design" is associated with the age of the Industrial Revolution, which in Italy came with some delay compared to other European countries, in a context characterized by the fragmented geographic and fragmented policy of nineteenth-century Italy. thresholds of 1860 were agricultural. After the unity of Italy, despite the slow consolidation of the cotton and opium industry, especially in the north, the country's industrialization could not be talked about before 1870-1880. However, at this time, town fairs and city fairs, exhibitions, the emergence of specialized schools and "graphic literacy" began to emerge. For example, in the Italian Exhibition of 1861, held in Florence, there is a character related to fabrics and foodstuffs, while that of Milan in 1881 is centered on the mechanical industry and the great naval and railway constructions; In Turin, in 1898, electrical applications emerged and in 1902 the liberty avant-garde was launched with its floral expressions. In the Milan Exhibition of 1906, Italian industrial transformation was given by machine tools. Two great steps forward to link teaching, research and the possibilities of industrial production: the Casati Law on Public Education of 1859 and the foundation of the Politecnico di Milano in 1863. In 1885 the Italian educational landscape of the "applied culture" consisted of "arts and crafts schools", "art schools applied to the industry" and "special schools" that had more specific addresses. On the occasion of the 1906 Universal Exhibition in Milan, the Humanitarian Society promotes a contest for the furnishing of the working house as it begins to see the industry as an instrument capable of responding to the needs of a working class that for the first time looks at the consumer market.