고령사회 주거복지정책의 법적 쟁점과 개선 방안- 국민연금기금의 활용 방안을 중심으로 -

As of the end of August, 2017, Korea entered an aging society, and it is expected to become a super aging society with unprecedented speed in the world. The problems of aging that Korea will face includes job problem, poverty problem and housing welfare problem. Our future depends on how we prepare now. Therefore, this study focused on elderly housing welfare problem, and confirmed that housing welfare for the elderly is closely connected to the elderly poverty and other medical welfare services due to the income status and the characteristics of the elderly. Among 5 elderly housing welfare related legislative bills drawn up in accordance with the Constitution, Low Birthrate and Aging Society Basic Law, Long-term Care Insurance for the Elderly and The Elderly Welfare Act, which are under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Health and Welfare, mostly regulate the contents of medical welfare promotion of the elderly and partly regulate elderly housing welfare problem. The Act on Support for the Underprivileged in Housing, which is under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, puts rules regarding establishment and enforcement of policy that can guarantee safe and convenient residential lives of the underprivileged in housing such as the handicapped and the elderly, and Housing Basic Law guarantees citizens' right to housing and establishes policies that contribute to people's resident stability and resident condition, which indicates that the objects these laws protect are comprehensive rather than limiting the elderly and the handicapped. However, these housing welfare policies need liaison with welfare services such as medical welfare services. Therefore, this study claimed the importance of connection among related laws, and of collaboration and cooperation among the ministries and offices concerned, and in this regard, it is necessary to avoid overlapped investment of government budget and to make continuous efforts for effective resource distribution when the government executes policies. Especially this study focused on the fact that the elderly poverty leads to housing poverty, and the housing poverty becomes the big burden of the government budget of elderly housing welfare. The government injects a considerable portion of finance and gives basic pension to low income elderly citizens, and the amount is supposed to increase gradually. For this reason, the government's finance for policies like housing welfare road map is in a bad condition. The government presents plans using Urban Housing Fund, but it is not enough for stable execution of housing welfare road map, which is large scale of national project. In addition, there is limitation in the elderly housing welfare improvement policies such as public silver towns due to concentration on housing supply for the youth and newly married couples. Therefore, this study suggested the method that Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport issue tentatively named ‘Housing Welfare Special Bond’ and National Pension Fund purchase the whole quantity.