Do Islamic countries have one culture? - Focusing on Cultural Cluster Analysis

Islamic countries share the same religion and tend to be regarded as a single cultural area. However, Islamic countries are spread across a wide geographic range and have a variety of ethnicities and languages. We empirically analysed whether Islamic countries can be considered within the same cultural cluster. As a result of a theoretical framework derived from the existing cultural cluster research, the 57 Islamic countries are classified into three cultural clusters. Cluster 1 has a high ratio of European and Asian countries, and a high percentage of the population is Muslim. It mainly comprises non-Arabic and non-Indo-European languageusing countries. Cluster 2 includes mainly Arabic countries and Middle Eastern countries. The proportion of the population that is Muslim is high in this cluster, and Arabic languages are mainly used. Cluster 3 includes mainly African countries, and the proportion of the population that is Muslim is low.