가상화폐와 핀테크 산업의 발전에 따른 금융기관의 대응방향 - 일본의 경험을 중심으로 -

FinTech is a combination of finance and technology. Literally means fusion of finance and technology. Companies developing new software and solution functions centering on payment fields such as mobile payment and online remittance in accordance with recent ICT progress pursue customer convenience and provide low-cost financial services. Pay Pal of the United States, as an example, these financial services have replaced the functions of financial institutions. In Japan, the promotion of electronic settlement is proceeding as a national policy because it aims to improve convenience of payment and efficiency. Various effects can be expected in a wide range of fields such as reduction of electronic settlement and cash handling duties, improvement of the safety of transactions settlement, and transformation of marketing of big data utilization that can be obtained by settlement. It is expected that the innovation of electronic settlement will lead to the creation of new business in the future as well as the countermeasures for the global event. As FinTech progresses, domestic and foreign financial institutions are accelerating innovation to research new technologies and create value-added financial services. In addition, omni channelization efforts that closely linked the utilization of big data and contact with customers are strengthening the improvement of products and services. As payment means transits from cash settlement to electronic payment, various data concerning the purchasing behavior or preference of the customer are put into the hands of the business operator. Cloud computing, realized by a vast array of data centers under an environment where explosive data is available, enables them to be unified in one place. Based on the customer’s preference data and transactions histories, it is possible to predict channels that need to predict customer purchasing behavior and secure inventory. In addition, while customers are browsing websites or searching for real stores, the environment for reaching customers by reporting information on products and services appropriate to their needs in real time is also being improved. The time has come to discover that creating big business by big data analysis. In the mid- and long-term, virtual money may shift the interface of customers with financial transactions such as opening a savings account, loans, and exchanges outside the boundaries of existing laws. Therefore, regulators, legislators and lawyers dealing with the financial industry attention should be paid. It is also important for market participants to understand the changes in the market, including legal regulations, and precisely understand the needs of the customers and to catch players leading in the financial industry. This study’s understanding of the legal system of virtual money and FinTech can be used as basic data of policy for financial institutions and business firms to adapt to the rapidly changing environment.