조직구조와 성과측정시스템의 공정성이 조직시민행동과 경영성과에 미치는 영향

[Purpose]This paper aimed, through the perspective of system theory (input－conversion－output) to clarify the effects of the organizational structure, the justice of performance measurement system(PMS), and the organizational citizenship behavior(OCB) on the business performances. The organizational structure, and the justice of PMS are defined as the input variables, the OCBs are defined as the conversion variables, and the performances(financial & non－financial) are defined as output variables of the system theory. [Methodology]The hypothesis 1 is to analyze the effects of the organizational structure, and the justice of PMS on the OCBs. The hypothesis 2 is to verify the roles of OCB on the relationship between the organizational structure / the justice level of PMS, and the business performances. We apply statistical methodology (MANOVA, and path analysis) to test the hypotheses. [Findings]The findings of the research can be summarized as follows：Firstly, the company with a higher level of decentralization and PMS justice reported a higher level of OCB. Secondly, OCB showed a mediating effects in the relationship between the decentralization level / PMS justice, and business performances. This study attempted to examine the importance of the fitness effects among the decentralization level in the perspective of organizational structure, PMS justice in the perspective of business management, and organizational citizenship behavior in the perspective of human resource management for enhancing the organization effectiveness. This study also finds that PMS justice plays a role as leading indicator to induce healthy organizational citizenship behavior. [Implications]The results of this study suggest that fitness among decentralization, PMS justice, and OCB is important for various efforts of companies to purse sustainable growth at the enterprise level.