이슬람 형법과 한국 형법 -비교법적 고찰-

The Islamic Criminal Law refers to the criminal law based on Shariʻ ah, the religious teachings of Islam which governs Muslim life in general. Korea has long been in contact with Muslim countries in the Middle East through economic cooperation. In recent years, the relationship has been expanded to dispatching peacekeeping troops, attracting foreign patients, and increasing cultural exchanges through the Korean Wave. However, we neither have enough understanding about the Islamic culture, nor about the Islamic Law. With regard to the Islamic Criminal Law, though some anecdotes that stimulate our curiosity are known through the media, there is still a lack of full-scale introduction and research about it. This paper aims to get rid of possible misunderstandings and broaden the understanding of the Islamic Criminal Law by systematically introducing the Islamic Criminal Law and comparing it with Korean Criminal Law. In order to do this, I examined the current status of the Islamic Criminal Law, compared its sources and legal structure with those of the Korean Criminal Law, and presented several features of the Islamic Criminal Law. Then I divided the crimes in the Islamic Criminal Law into Hadd, Qisas, Taʻzir, described substantial and procedural features of each crime, and added brief comments and comparative legal reviews wherever necessary. Finally, I pointed out some problems of the Islamic Criminal Law as seen from the standpoint of Korean law (in terms of compliance with the principle of nullum crimen, nulla poena sine lege, inhumane punishments, violation of the principle of equality, freedom of religion and expression, and low criminal responsibility age) and suggested an alternative plan to resolve them.