中小企業金融의 活性化方案에 관한 硏究 - 신용평가사의 현행신용평가방법에 대한 문제제기를 기초하여 -

Capital to corporates is equivalent to the blood flowing through the vessel to the human body. Accordingly, just like any failure in blood supply to the human body causes blood vessel disease and ultimately becomes fatal to life, failure in supply of capital to corporates leads to default and ultimately to bankruptcy. Therefore, various systemic channels were introduced to provide sufficient capital to corporates. Among such channels, specially systemized capital market is not available for the absolute numbers of small and medium enterprises that cannot achieve independent financing smoothly. Accordingly to extend the support to these SMEs, the government organized and upgraded the small and medium business to the Ministry of SME and startups by organizational restructuring with further activated functions. More recently, the Fair Trade Commission embarked on correcting the bad trade custom between conglomerates and small and medium enterprises, deeming such practice between large corporations and SMEs as a kind of traditional vice and exercising pressure to the large corporations. It is a common knowledge now that the government is laying in and arranging the groundwork for comprehensive support and fostering policy for small and medium enterprises in multiple areas. However, review on the current practical support policies for small and medium enterprises' finance reveals a number of inherent problems. Among such problems, policy discord between government departments is identified as the most serious one. In other words, the Ministry of SMEs and Startups leads many policies on direct or indirect financial support to small and medium enterprises, while in contrast the financial authorities (Financial Supervisory Service, Financial Supervisory Commission) use their great power to create the environment which can only be disadvantageous to small and medium enterprises in competition with large corporates. So the government's work processing method contains inherent seriousness of the problems. Hence this study starts from the review on the deliberation case that was raised on the current financial policy that promotes unfair competition environment (judgment by the Central Administrative Appeals Commission). Then this study moves on to two issues that were the controversial issues on the problem raised in the case of current credit rating methodology of credit rating agencies respectively. Nextly, this study identifies the status quo and the problems in the finance of small and medium enterprises. Subsequently this study expands the discussion to seek the method to practically vitalize the financing of small and medium enterprises. In conclusion, this study determined that vitalization of financing by small and medium enterprises can be anticipated only depending on the role of the main bank, and accordingly claimed the necessity to introduce the institutional strategy to support the financing of small and medium enterprises in professional manner, in the aspect of securing public role of the banks. And furthermore, this study presents the detailed direction of legislation.