발생액-영업현금흐름 대응과 수익-비용 대응

This study examines the relation between Dechow and Dichev’s (2002) accruals-operating cash flows mapping model and Dichev and Tang’s (2008) revenue-expense matching model. These two models have been used to analyze properties of financial statement items under accrual basis although they are developed from different perspectives. To investigate the relation between the two models, I identify specific common components in two models by decomposing accruals (operating cash flows) into revenue accruals (cash flows) and expense accruals (cash flows), and revenue (expense) into revenue (expense) cash flows and revenue (expense) accruals. Examination of these components reveals that the two models share two sub-mappings between: (i) revenue accruals and expense cash flows and (ii) expense accruals and revenue cash flows. These common components cause the accruals-operating cash flows mapping and revenue-expense matching to be correlated with each other. Expenses are included with negative sign in the accruals-operating cash flows mapping model, while they are included without negative sign in the revenue-expense matching model. It is thus hypothesized that the contemporaneous accruals-operating cash flows relation is negatively associated with the contemporaneous revenue-expense relation. The empirical finding supports the expectation. The more positive the contemporaneous revenue-expense relation, the more negative the contemporaneous accrual-operating cash flows relation. Further, different from Bushman, Lerman, and Zhang (2016), the explanatory power of the revenue-expense matching model is positively correlated with that of the accruals-operating cash flows mapping model, and is negatively correlated with accrual quality. This study contributes to the literature by broadening our understanding of accrual basis that consists of revenue realization and expense matching principles.