연방제 수준의 지방분권 실현 가능한가 - ‘연방제 수준의 지방분권’과 그 실현을 위한 법적 과제 -

Decentralization was an important national issue that appeared every time a new government was introduced. In general, the federal system in Korea is perceived to mean strong decentralization, but the contents of it are not clearly defined. The comparative law also shows a significant difference in the meaning of federalism and decentralization in each federal state. The need for decentralization, which we have argued so far, ultimately calls for a fundamental paradigm shift in national management practices. 'Decentralization at the federal level' was a pledge of the president and the direction of decentralization that local governments are calling for in a common voice. But the real meaning of this flow is not to define the principle structure of the national operating principle as federalism and monopoly, but to mean the realization of strong decentralization. Therefore, it is not necessarily that the state form should be a federal state, and it is more important to ensure the independence and autonomy of the local authority in terms of distribution and exercise of specific powers in the constitution for strong decentralization. The most important point for realizing decentralization at the federal level is guaranteeing autonomy of local governments and ensuring legislative rights. However, the distribution of executive power, which should be the most essential, requires consensus to distinguish between the broader sphere to be solved at the central level and the administrative sphere of life to be treated as a close administration in the province. In this agreement, our cultural, historical, political and social contexts should be the background of the discussion. In our situation, where the interregional mobility is higher than the above - mentioned federal state, which has been examined comparatively, there is a need to prioritize the reorganization of the local administrative district system.