해양공간계획법 제정 이후 온배수의 활용과 규제에 관한 법·정책 개선안

In April 1st of 2018, 「Marine Space Plan and Management Law」 has implemented. From now on, inland waters, coastlines, territorial waters, EEZ, will be used under the management policy of ‘plan ahead use later’. 「Marine space plan and management law」 has the purpose of preserving the sustainable marine ecosystem. Before, marine space has been used mostly for development purpose. Power plants have been releasing thermal effluent since 1930 in Korea with the adoption of thermal power plan in 1930 and nuclear power plan in 1958. However, the regulatory framework in thermal energy lacks consistency greatly and does not provide a legal ground for mandatory management. For the specific guideline, maximum temperature(Tmax), 1-hour change(△Th), 24- hour change(△T24) of the temperature after releasing thermal effluent should be implemented. Second, a conflict between energy policy and the law has to be fixed. 「New energy and renewable energy development, use and supply promotion law」 does provide hydrothermal energy as the renewable energy source. However, 「An Act on the promotion of and support for the water reuse」 exempted nuclear plant thermal effluent. nuclear power plant thermal effluent account for 52.8%of whole thermal effluents in Korea. It can be used for the greenhouse heating in farm and it should not be banned completely without a valid reason. 「Act on promotion and support of water reuse」 already provides excellent ground to use all thermal effluent. Many laws are related to the administration of thermal effluent. Taking complementary measures will support the balance of thermal effluent and preservation of the marine ecosystem. Third, the committee for the approval and damage from the thermal effluent is needed. Fourth, already existing ‘marine eco-conservation system levy’ can be used for the licensee to more focus on the preservation of marine eco-system with the collaboration of local government.