독일의 사회적기업과 시민참여

At present, industrialized countries are confronted with a complex range of social problems, such as a old-age poverty, unemployment, and socio-economic bipolarization. Social enterprise has risen to provide new concepts for social services, and as a problem-solving tool for OECD countries. The term‘ social enterprise’ appeared for the first time in the 1990s. There are many different types of social enterprises in Europe. They exist in a wide variety of forms with different organizational structures. In Germany, social enterprises play an important role as an institutional mechanism to reduce social problems. Germany uses the social enterprise as an important form of welfare policy. Also German social enterprises are aiming to handle local issues initiatively, and the Nation treats these as counterparts of public policy. In South Korea, the‘ Social Enterprise Promotion Act’ was enacted in 2007. The act was established after times of economic crises and provided many jobs through public service and government support. Korean social enterprises have had rapid growth over a short period. This study suggests implications for the social enterprises in Korea based on the analysis of Social Enterprise in Germany and Civic Participation.