공급업자-소매업자 공급사슬에서 품절에 대응한 드롭-배송 옵션의 효과

This article considers a two-stage supply chain consisting of a supplier and a retailer. The retailer takes almost all of the risk of inventory, thus limits an order quantity and experiences lost sales. In pursuit of increasing profits for the both, the supplier provides the retailer with a drop-shipping option for shortages. In order to investigate the effect of a drop-shipping option for shortages, this article develops the profit models for the supplier, the retailer, and the total system without/with a drop-shipping option. For three scenarios, the independent and vertically integrated models are analyzed using a Stackelberg game and the equilibrium solutions are presented. Through numerical experiments, this article illustrates the newly developed models and presents some observed implications.