해방 직후 북한지역 소련군정에 대한 국제법적 검토 -신탁통치문제와 토지개혁을 중심으로-

It seems to us that the military occupation of USSR in North Korea was a little bit different from that of US in South Korea in its origin and form. It is also the Soviet’s claim that they had taken the victory from the combat of war against Japanese army in North Korea at the sacrifice of Red Army. The Soviet’s Government stationed their troop in North Korea to liberate the Korean people from the Japanese imperialist and assist them to build up the independent government on the principle of self-determination. However, they carried out their own plan under Stalin’s directive on September 20, 1945 to set up the pro-Soviet socialist government in Korea. After the dissolution of USSR in 1991, we could reach to the declassified documents of the Soviet military government regarding to their activities during the military occupation in Korea and these materials have helped us to sturdy and find out the real intention and aspects of the de-facto Soviet military government. North Korea has taken the agrarian reform to strengthen the position of supporters for the Soviet side and to weaken the nationalistic group. At the conference of Moscow in December 1945, US and USSR have agreed the plan to set up a provisional Korean democratic government and put Korea under the trusteeship of the four power for a period of up to five years. The Joint Commission of US and USSR has also been established to follow up these issues and make the agreed plans. The Moscow Agreement is a very meaningful promise for the future of Korea in the international level but it has not been carried out due to the movement of the Korean people against the trusteeship and to the failure of the mission by the Joint Commission without the fruitful result in making the action plan for the future implementation.