한국의 기업가정신 결정요인에 대한 탐색적 연구 : 성별 차이를 중심으로

The level of entrepreneurship of a country can be a source of national growth potential. Accordingly, this study explores the determinants of entrepreneurship and focuses on gender differences, using demographic and cognitive-personality variables based on the data from the 2017 Factual Survey of Entrepreneurship conducted by Korea Entrepreneurship Foundation. The results are as follows. First, gender, age squared(-), start-up experience(-), entrepreneurial education, entrepreneurial opportunity, achievement motivation and social responsibility(-) were found to be influential factors in Korean entrepreneurship, whereas the effects of family start-up experience and income on entrepreneurship were not significant. Second, as a result of divided group regression analysis, there was a gender difference in age and social responsibility. In the relationship between age and entrepreneurship, a negative U-shaped relationship was found in men’s group, while a negative effect was found in women’s group. In the effects of social responsibility on entrepreneurship, men had a negative relationship, while these relationships were not significant in women’s group. The results suggest that it is necessary to develop a policy that raises the labor force participation rate of women, which is relatively low compared to men at present, to effectively prepare for the crisis caused by the reduced working-age population under poor labor market conditions.