시내버스 운송업의 기술적 효율성 분석 : 버스준공영제 시행 이전과 이후 비교

In this study, we analyze how the technical efficiency of the city bus transportation industry is affected by the semi public operating system using the stochastic frontier production function and the first order stochastic dominance. Using the transportation industry survey data of Microdata Integrated Service in Statistics Korea in 2004 and 2014, we construct the technical efficiency indices of six metropolitan cites and the other regions using stochastic frontier production function. Then, we analyze the first-order stochastic dominance of the indices in six metropolitan cities and the other regions applying the Kolmogorov- Smirnov test. According to the results, the technical efficiency indices of the six metropolitan cities are lower than those of the other regions in 2004. However, we find that the technical efficiency indices of the six metropolitan cities are higher than those of the other regions in 2014. We also find that the technical efficiency of the six metropolitan cities increases from 2004 to 2014 while the opposite is found from the other regions. We conclude that the technological efficiency of the city bus transportation industry is increasing through the semi public operating system such as the joint management of revenue, the reorganization of the fare system, the introduction of the bus operation management system and the management and service evaluation of operating companies.