조직정치지각이 사회적 태만행동에 미치는 영향: 조직냉소주의의 매개역할 및 학습목표지향의 조절역할

Recently, studies in the field of organizational behavior have largely focused on the positive behaviors of organizational members, such as organizational citizenship behavior and innovative behavior while relatively less attention has been given to the negative behaviors of organizational members. Among negative behaviors, this study aims to examine the antecedent of and influential processes on social loafing behavior of organizational members. Even though organizations have strived to find ways and introduce systems in order to improve work efficiency and effectiveness of organizational members, there are still many organizational members who are socially loafing. Therefore, it is very important for organizations to come up with means to reduce or remove negative behaviors of organizational members as much as to foster and improve positive behaviors of organizational members. Scholars have suggested that organizational politics have negative effects on the perception of organizational members so that they think that their organizational environments are not fair when other members utilize politics to gain benefits. This study aims to test the effects of perceived organizational politics on social loafing behaviors of organizational members. We also suggested that the influential process of perceived organizational politics on social loafing behavior would be mediated by organizational cynicism. Moreover, it is also suggested that the effects of perceived organizational politics on social loafing behavior through organizational cynicism will be moderated by learning goal orientation of organizational members. Data were collected from the local government officers through 2 time points and the final sample size was 260 respondents. The results of this study show that perceived organizational politics increased social loafing behaviors of organizational members. That is, organizational members with higher perception of organizational politics are more likely to increase social loafing behaviors. The relationship between perceived organizational politics and social loafing behaviors was fully mediated by organizational cynicism. The effects of perception on organizational politics increase organizational cynicism, and then the increased organizational cynicism has positive effects on social loafing of organizational members. The effects of organizational cynicism on social loafing behavior of organizational members were moderated by learning goal orientation, such that the effects of organizational cynicism on social loafing behavior were stronger for those with high learning goal orientation than those with low learning goal orientation. With further examination, it was found that those with lower learning goal orientation show higher level of social loafing behaviors regardless of the level of organizational cynicism. However, those with higher learning goal orientation show lower level of social loafing behaviors with low level of organizational cynicism and their social loafing behaviors were increased with the increase of their organizational cynicism. Finally, the indirect effect of perceived organizational politics on social loafing behaviors through organizational cynicism was also moderated by the level of learning goal orientation such that the indirect effect was only statistically significant when learning goal orientation was high.