미국의 빅데이터 이용 활성화와 개인정보 보호 - 유럽연합·국내 법제와의 비교와 시사점 -

As the fourth industrial revolution revolves around the expectations of the benefits of the digital economy and concerns over the inherent or social costs that may arise therefrom, the values ​​of conflicting expectations and concerns coexist. Therefore, a key challenge for successful digital transformation is to establish a new paradigm of ethical codes for utilization of data technology and build trust among citizens. Since the paradigm shift is required to strengthen data related rights of information subjects, it is necessary to ensure a stable data-based ecosystem by establishing appropriate legal relations between data users and data subjects and permitting data utilization. To this end, there should be a variety of measures to establish data privacy and security, and there will be a plan to establish relevant policies and regulations directly, and contract law, voluntary compliance standards, codes of conduct, and technological innovation indirectly. While a future-oriented approach to sharing more data is required in keeping with the Fourth Industrial Revolution, a series of legal issues arise, such as obtaining consent form the data subject to share personal information. In 2018, the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation began to be implemented, while in another economic region of the United States, California became the first state in the entire federal and state levels to adopt the general statutes called the California Consumer Privacy Act, which will be implemented from January 2020. In the face of the digital economy based on Big Data, it is necessary to legally recognize data transactions for data mapping, data brokers, and data analysis in Korea, and systematic rules should be stipulated to prevent data breach in the course of data transactions.