국제해운의 온실가스 배출에 대한 국제적 규제에 대한 고찰

Greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions from human activities become a major contributor to global climate change, and therefore reducing greenhouse gas emissions has been a key task for global climate change prevention measures and the international community is making efforts to regulate greenhouse gas emissions. More than 80% of the world's commodity trade is carried out by sea transport, and greenhouse gas emissions from the shipping sector account for 3% of the total global greenhouse gas emissions. The European Union (EU) initiated legislation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the international shipping sector and enacted the EU MRV Shifting Regulations in 2015. The EU established the European Climate Change Programme (European Climate Change Programme) in June 2000 and has been in place since 2005. Meanwhile, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) is seeking to reduce carbon emissions from shipping by at least 40 percent from 2008 by 2030 and by at least 70 percent by 2050. The Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) was adopted for new ships, and the 74th session of May 2019 voted to strengthen EEDI by revising Annex VI of the Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution (MARPOL) in April 2020. In April 2018, IMO established its strategy for climate change in the shipping sector during the 72nd session. The regulation by international organizations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from ships has a direct and indirect impact on the nation’s industries as well. In December 2018, Korea enacted the law on the GHG emissions reduction from ships. It is necessary to understand international organizations’ regulations on GHG emissions reduction from ship.