수용자에 대한 사회적 배제와 포용의 모순, 그리고 ‘탈구금’의 전망 : 핀란드 교도소의 구금 방식과 한계를 중심으로

The aim of the study is to rethink imprisonment through analysing the mechanism and limit of imprisonment in Finland. Nordic countries, especially, tend to avoid incarceration, prefer to deterrence than retribution, emphasis equality before the law. Finland, among the Northern countries, is notable for its the lowest proportion of the prison population, transforming their severe prison system to Northern Europe style system swiftly. In 2017, almost 34% of inmate are living in the open prison and they have much more liberty, for instance, smoking, using the internet, mobile phone and social media. Despite this ‘humane’ prison system, however, inmates occasionally refuse to participate programme of prion or they escape the prison. In addition, youth, female, and non-Finnish inmates are living in tougher condition than adult male prisoners or the Finnish inmate. The limits of imprisonment is not only found in the inmate world but also in the staff world. The staff tend to abuse their power due to obscure term of prison order and administrator-friendly policies. Thus, if the embracing imprisonment policy of Finland is incomplete, the imprisonment should be reorganised. This study, for this, suggests to organise the ‘an experimental prison.’ ‘The experimental prison’ is to test several policy with a distinct purpose and a long term plan for the both serious and petty criminal. The final purpose of this is to reduce the close prison and increase the open prison. The scale of this prison must be small and the function of it, such as labour, education, treatment and rehabilitation, should be separated. The facilities of this prison have to be reconstructed as inmate-friendly as possible and to open to the society so that they could develop the social capability.