한국 민법 제정에 참조한 프랑스·독일·일본 민법에서 비법인사단

Korean civil code was enacted under the strong influence of Japanese civil code and German civil code. And Japanese civil code was enacted under the strong influence of German civil code and French civil code. In turn, Korean civil code was strongly influenced by Japanese civil code, German civil code, and French civil code. However, as far as the provisions related to non-legal-person associations are concerned, Korean civil code is different from both Japanese civil code and German civil code, not to mention French civil code. Korean civil code does not have an official provision regarding associations that are not juristic person, but does have a collective ownership provision as a de facto association provision. Whereas, Japanese civil code has neither the association provision nor the collective ownership provision, German civil code has the association provision but not the collective ownership provision, and French civil code has neither juristic person related general provision nor co-ownership related general provision at all. The state of the provisions of Korean civil code is quite unique that they are not just the combinations of the provisions of those foreign codes. Considering the facts, the author claims that it is necessary to view the codification process of Korean civil code from another angle. The author also argues that albeit the Korean legislators were strongly influenced by those foreign civil codes, they had put in an effort to make a civil code that reflects Korea’s situation. These argument should be substantiated by empirical research. On that account, this paper focuses on analyzing each provisions of those foreign civil codes in chronological order.