도요타자동차와 현대자동차의 지식 이전 비교:미국시장 ‘전용 신차’의 파일럿 생산을 중심으로

This paper compared the development processes of Toyota Motor and Hyundai Motor for overseas markets with a focus on pilot production of car development. Among the major overseas markets of Toyota and Hyundai, we selected the US market, where the competition among major automakers is most intense. The analytical scheme to explain the knowledge transfer of multinational companies is composed of 1) characteristics of knowledge, 2) characteristics of both knowledge senders and receivers, and 3) the relationships between headquarters and overseas subsidiaries. In terms of knowledge transfer, it is interesting to note that the development of new cars for overseas markets by the two companies has been done in a contrasting way. Toyota has been promoting the development of new cars by gradually transferring knowledge from its headquarters to overseas subsidiaries. On the other hand, Hyundai has been developing new cars in a way that minimizes knowledge transfer to overseas subsidiaries with knowledge concentrated in the headquarters. It is common for the headquarters to play a leading role in the development of new cars for the two companies. However, in Toyota, the responsibility for new car development is significantly distributed to the headquarters and overseas subsidiaries, while in Hyundai, the responsibility for new car development is concentrated in the headquarters.