소년교도소의 운영과 개선방안에 대한 소고- 교정과 양육의 결합 시도 -

This paper presents a review of juvenile correctional treatments in their current management and improvement measures. Juveniles account for a very small portion in the prisoner population due to sponsored protective devices including the Juvenile Act and benefit from additional special treatments including education and vocational training. Taking into consideration the characteristics of juveniles that were fast in recovery and correction, the study proposed future directions for the management of juvenile correctional institutions by combining them with the idea of punishment execution procedures. They include correction and maintenance of order, which are part of basic ideas in Act on Punishment Execution, and supplementary nurturing for juveniles. For their correction, juvenile prisoners should have access to assistance in self-control, ununiform treatments, and customized correctional programs according to individual treatments so that they can regulate their impulses and correct their directions of expectations. Maintenance of order should be applied as a principle that cannot be exempted even for juvenile prisoners. Since there are no express provisions about nurturing, it is needed to put together the goals of Act on Punishment Execution, respect for human rights, and regulations about special treatments and individual treatments planning for juveniles for interpretation. Nurturing holds huge significance as juveniles often get no chances to fulfill their mental maturity fully compared with their physical growth and development. Parents have a supplementary position in nurturing. These principles should be followed to solve various difficulties with the management of juvenile correctional institutions, brutality of juvenile criminals, difficult practical operation of devoted facilities, absence of treatments for pending juvenile inmates, and difficulties with resettlement due to the limited provision of individual treatments in group life and shortage of money kept in custody. There are several specific proposals to be considered including the formation of social bond and empathy through the minimization of group detention and introduction of a job, flexible punishment management for the violation of rules, and supports for the sponsorship of minors or adoption procedures.