숙의 민주주의와 공론화위원회

Modern society faces changes in many fields such as politics, economy, education and environment. Also as the society diversifies and becomes more complex, citizen interests more and more divided. Deliberative democracy is one of the alternative democratic theories that emerged to compensate for the flaws in the decision-making process of traditional representative democracy. It suggests how the values ​​and perceptions of various individuals will be dealt with. Deliberative democracy also has an influence on way agency make decisions. Deliberative democratic decision-making can lead to better public decision-making through the participation and deliberation of ordinary citizens, can give some legitimacy to decision-making, and can help to prevent conflicts among members of society. However, there is a risk of extreme polarization if a reasonable deliberation process is not achieved. Also, there are limits to deliberative decision making. First, if there is no delegation of administrative authority under the current public legal system, the power and responsibility of administrative decision are reserved to the administrative agency. Even if a decision is made in a deliberative democratic way, the ultimate authority and responsibility for them rests with the agency. Second, since it is achieved through the participation and deliberation of ordinary citizens, certain limitations exist. Lastly, this process must comply with the general principles of administrative law, such as the principle of proportion. Over the past 20 years, many theoretical and institutional discussions have been made on deliberative democratic decision making, such as ‘participatory decision-making.’ Especially the Public Opinion Committee that is based on Deliberative polling, was widely used by national and local governments as a method of deliberative democratic decision making. Among them, this study focused on the Public Opinion Committees that deal with “construction of Shin-Kori 5, 6 reactors” and “University Admission System” respectively. In conclusion, this paper proposed a method for the implementation of deliberative democracy as follows. ① Fostering conditions for civil deliberation ② Legalization of deliberative democratic decision-making procedures ③ Change in the role of administrative agencies and the importance of guidelines on them ④ Fostering and managing experts to support the deliberation process.