국내 은행 대형화에 따른 은행 효율성 및 결정요인 분석

This paper tries to analyze an efficiency and determinants of Korean banking industry through the DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis) and Tobit panel model based on the large scale of banks. We would compare the bank of technical efficiency(TE), pure technical efficiency(PET) and scale efficiency(SE) from 2001 to 2018. First, the result of HHI(Hirschman-Herfindahl Index) which means concentration of market shows the banking industry has become more monopolized than before the Asian financial crisis, but the Korean banking industry remains in the form of monopolistic competition recently. Second, looking at the average technical efficiency(CCR), pure technical efficiency(BCC), and scale efficiency(SE) in banks, efficiency seemed to have increased when inefficient banks were merged in efficient banks since 2001, but it gradually became less efficient now. Third, according to the economic scale of the banks shows that the number of banks(DMU) that represent the efficiency of the economic scale has increased since 2001, but has decreased since 2006. In particular, the number of banks with the characteristics of increasing return to scale(IRS) has increased significantly from before, requiring more investment in labor and capital for these banks. Although there is a tension over the reduction of branches and employees in the bank industry due to changes in the digital financial environment while the monopolistic competition on Korean banking industry. This study suggest that it is time to more labor and capital are input than restructure for efficient management of banks.