연안습지 보전･관리･이용에 대한 어촌 지역공동체의 제한적 역할의 법제도적 개선연구 ― 일본 사토우미 사례를 통해 ―

Developmental pressure from landfill and reclamation has not only destroyed coastal wetlands but also the culture, society, and economy of local communities, as well as the interactive relationship between humans and nature. Currently, while efforts to conserve, recover, and ensure sustainable use of coastal wetlands are further promoted, relevant legal and institutional frameworks overlook the cultural, societal, and economic damage done to communities and the impact that it has on the locals’ relationship with nature. This study examines the Satoumi initiatives, which attempt to recover the interactive relationship between humans and nature in Japan. It also reviews the relevant legislations that guarantee active participation of local communities in terms of conservation, recovery, and management of the natural environment in Japan. Based on that, with comparative analysis, it provides legal implications in Korea by focusing on that Japan protects sustainable status of coastal society-ecological system, considers nature conservation and local tradition & culture simultaneously, and pursues local community-leading bottom-up system, deviated from government-leading top-down system. Specifically, as for legal and institutional improvements in Korea, it suggests protecting social, cultural and economic tradition of local communities with surrounding nature, strengthening the role of local communities in terms of coastal wetlands conservation, transforming to bottom-up conservation system, and promoting coordination between fishing village vitalizing projects and coastal wetlands conservation projects in Korea.