준대통령제에서 대통령의 헌법 권한과 실제 영향력의 차이: 리투아니아 준대통령제 사례 연구

The purpose of this paper is as follows. First, it is analyzed the reason for choosing the semi-presidentialism during the debates on the Constitution in 1992 and its contents, followed by a close look at the formal conpetences of the President specified in the Constitution, divided into legislative, non-legislative and appointment conpetence, of which to examine the differences between the constitutional powers and the powers actually exercised by the Presidents. In some cases, only the powers stipulated in the Constitution were exercised, but in most cases, the Presidents exerted stronger influences on the reality by transcending the constitutional provisions and utilizing the parts not stipulated in the Constitution. For this reason, the spart of the paper is to examine why in some cases the constitutional conpetence was observed, and in some cases, the scope of the power was expanded and converted into actual authority. In the final part of this paper, it is emphasized that semi-presidentialism in Lithuania is the result of a compromise between the historical continuity and political interests at the time of preparing the constitution. It is also argued that the actual powers of each President are not limited to the constitutional conpetence, but vary greatly depending on the personality, the political environment of the period, and the movement of public opinion.