대표의 민주화 - 지속가능한 민주주의를 위한 헌법적 조건 -

The form of democracy adopted by the Korean Constitution is a representative democracy in principle. Yet, it is nonsense to deem representative democracy functions sufficiently even when the representatives do not truly represent the constituents. When it comes to combining the free mandate theory with representative democracy, the state of democracy becomes more questionable. Korean democracy has remained in stalemate even after the democratic transition in the late 1980s. To make a breakthrough and upgrade the Korean democracy in light of sustainability, a key solution would be actualizing a representative function of the representatives such as the President and the parliament and an intermediary function of the political parties who intermediate between the representatives and the people who are represented. To ensure that, the representatives should work on a transparent basis and should be responsive to the will of the represented, which was formed by enhanced transparency. When the representatives deviate too much from the represented and therefore lose trust granted by them, the representative body or person should be accountable. In this way of ensuring transparency, responsiveness, and accountability of the representatives, i.e. democratizing the representation, we can look for sustainability in our democracy. In this paper, I　revisit the free mandate theory and then explore the institutional way to actualize the representative function performed by the President as an individual representative and the parliament as a collective representative in place, and the intermediary function by the political parties.