Research on the Impact of ASEAN's GVC Participation and Position on Its Domestic Employment

This paper uses GLS regression analysis to study the impact of the ASEAN global value chain(GVC) division of labor on its employment (including male and female employment) from 2005 to 2016. The results show that GVC participation in ASEAN countries is generally not high, and forward participation is higher than backward participation. The impact of GVC participation on employment is significantly negative, indicating that the extension in the participation of ASEAN countries will reduce the demand for employment. GVC_position has no significant impact on male employment rate of ASEAN countries. Therefore, it is recommended that ASEAN countries make full use of abundant labor resources, attract foreign investment, and expand the participation of ASEAN countries in the GVC. Besides, the government encourages unemployed people to start businesses in rural areas, speeds up vocational training, and vigorously develops the tertiary industry, thereby increasing the labor participation rate of women in the service industry. ASEAN countries need to attach importance to women’s education and promote the development of women’s professional skills. Finally, ASEAN countries should improve their independent innovation capabilities, attach importance to the training of high-tech talents, and increase the backward participation of GVCs, so as to enhance the position of the ten ASEAN countries in the global value chain.