거래적･변혁적 리더십이 공무원의 직무만족에 미치는 영향: 직급과 관리자 여부의 조절효과를 중심으로

This study analyzes the relationships of transactional and transformational leadership with job satisfaction of public officials, verifying the moderating effects of job grade and managers vs non-managers. The results show that transactional leadership has a statistically insignificant negative effect on job satisfaction while transformational leadership has a significant positive effect on job satisfaction. In terms of the moderating effect of job grade, transactional leadership has a negative influence on job satisfaction of public officials in Grade 5 or higher and a positive influence on public officials below Grade 8 whereas transformational leadership has a positive influence on public officials of Grade 6 or higher. Regarding the moderating effect of managers vs non-managers, transactional leadership has a negative influence on managers’ group(Grade 2-4) and an insignificant influence on non-managers’ group(Grade 5-9). Transformational leadership has a positive effect on both managers’ and non-managers’ groups. In sum, transactional leadership has a negative effect on job satisfaction of public officials in higher grade(Grade 2-4) and a positive effect on public officials in lower grade(Grade 8-9). In contrast, transformation leadership has a positive effect on job satisfaction of public officials in all grades, and the higher grades, the greater the leadership effectiveness. These empirical findings suggest that it is essential to selectively apply leadership styles according to job grade and to exercise a combination of transactional and transformational leadership for improving job satisfaction.