비공식노동의 플랫폼노동으로의 전환과정:플랫폼화의 명과 암

Because existing platform labor studies have dealt with the problem of platform labor from a cross-sectional perspective, there was a limitation in being unable to capture the changes in the labor market directly caused by platformization. This study is an attempt to longitudinally analyze how platformization drives formality using the concepts of “institutional formalization” and “labor process formalization” and longitudinally analyze the multifaceted results that emerged in the process. To this end, we compared labor cases on local-based platforms, using in-depth interviews and literature research data. The results of this study are as follows. First, the formalization of the labor process through platformization has positive results in making transactional relationships transparent, standardizing work processes, and alleviating the irrationality of interpersonal control. However, in contrast, it had negative results, such as dependence on platform workers' rating evaluation, increase in working hours in competition for work, and strengthening of labor intensity. Second, as institutional formalization proceeded after platformization, the degree of institutional protection for the existing informal workers was strengthened compared to the past, but the level of informality experienced by workers was still high. In conclusion, this study found that platformization caused various types of lightness and darkness for informal labor. In that respect, this study is meaningful in that it goes beyond the static understanding of the problem of platform labor in existing studies and discovers the change pattern driven by platformization from a temporal perspective.