정기선 운항자에 대한 미국 경쟁법 적용 강화 동향에 대한 연구

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a logistic crisis in the international community. In particular, the price of the imported goods has rapidly increased in the United States. This research has studied the trend of the U.S’s strengthening competition law on the U.S. liner shipping business in 2022. President Biden strongly criticized the shipping companies’ business, which has been exempted from the application of antitrust laws because it has economic effectiveness, and issued an executive order to promote competition in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Justice and Federal Maritime Commission(FMC). FMC enacted rules prohibiting the unfair and unreasonable detention charges of the shipping companies. U.S. House of Representative proposed the Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 2021 and U.S. Senate proposed the Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 2022. Among them, the Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 2022 was promulgated on 16 June 2022. As mentioned above, we studied the U.S. antitrust & shipping laws and the role of the FMC. We suggest that Korean shipping companies need to work together as a member of the Alliances, actively try to load imports and exports cargo of the U.S. more, and make reasonable detention charges regulation with FMC. Furthermore, it is necessary for Korean shipping companies to expand their number of ships and to work with the U.S. government and the U.S. shippers to visit more U.S. ports. In the future, a cooperation system such as international treaty should be established to prepare for the global emergency.