한국 배출권거래제(ETS)의 운영평가와 개선방안에 관한 연구

The deepening of global warming caused by the increase in the use of fossil fuels caused a climate crisis, which led to the strengthening of international environmental cooperation. As a result, the Korean government officially introduced ETS from 2015 to respond to the climate crisis, supplementing the target management system, and accept the ETS recommendations of the Kyoto Protocol. This study evaluated the operation of ETS in Korea based on the period of four years after its introduction, and conducted a study on institutional problems and improvement plans. This study analyzed the operation results of Korea's ETS based on the statistics published by the Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Research Center of Korea. As a result of the analysis, this study found that the introduction of ETS had a positive effect on the reduction of CO2 emissions. However, in the analysis based on the operation results so far, we also found that the introduction of ETS was not effective in suppressing other greenhouse gases except CO2. And through institutional analysis on the ETS of Korea, this paper found that the intervention of government on the process of determining the total amount of allowances and distributing them to industries and firms was excessively high. In addition, we found that the proportion of free allocation in the process of emission allowances was too high, and there were some operational problems related to the benchmark allocation method. First of all, this paper suggested strengthening of transparency on allocation of the total amount, business sectors and companies for emission permits by the government. And we suggested strengthening measures for stabilizing the emission trading market and improving the benchmark allocation method. Finally, as for other improvement measures, we suggested the introduction of an integrated management system for greenhouse gases and the establishment of active support measures for SME’s greenhouse gases reduction.