Parametric Perforated Façade Pattern Design Method Incorporating Perceived Emotional Effect -Generating swarm intelligence-based asymmetric perforated patterns for parametric façade design-

In recent years, perforated patterns on architectural façades are popular due to the introduction of new customized configurations. However, few studies have developed a systematic perforated façade pattern design method. This study follows up on research which extracted a perceived emotional effect of “symmetry” on perforated patterns and develops a way to generate parametric perforated façade patterns which apply emotional characteristics. Selected pattern grids and design motifs generated by the Grasshopper algorithm are used, and the process of generating an asymmetrically parametric perforated façade pattern is demonstrated. Specifically, first step involves defining a perforated pattern, reviewing the literature, and noting this study’s differentiation from the extant literature, and theologically reviewing symmetry, as a principle of operation of natural organisms and as a principle in architecture and design. Second, this study transforms triangular-based symmetry operations via original square-shaped symmetry operations, uses a ten-step process to develop an asymmetrical parametric perforated pattern, and produces these patterns using the aforementioned operations. Third, selected patterns are applied to an architectural façade. Finally, the applied façades are compared and analyzed with the perforated façade patterns from existing research. A notable difference mainly uses natural shapes and pixelated images, and algorithmized parametric data of natural movement. This research makes an important contribution by proposing a parametric perforated façade pattern design method which applies emotional characteristics. This work can be particularly helpful to architects and designers, and inspire them to create their own parametric perforated façade pattern designs.