중국 개인 파산 중 자유재산제도에 관한 법적문제 연구

The free property system in personal bankruptcy is established to guarantee the right to survival and development of the debtor and his dependent family members. The system embodies the dual protection of the interests of debtors and creditors, which is an important factor in evaluating the degree of modernization of bankruptcy laws in a country. The study of the free property system has significant theoretical and practical meanings for promoting China's personal bankruptcy legislation and perfecting China's bankruptcy legal system. This paper adopts the comparative research method, the sociology of law research method, the law and economics research method, and the value analysis method to study the substantive and procedural issues of the free property system. First, the basic theory of free property is elaborated,in which the concepts, characteristics, and legislative values of free property are outlined. Second, the legislative and judicial conditions of China's personal bankruptcy free property system at present are analyzed. Then, the problems of constructing a personal bankruptcy free property system in China are derived from the current condition, including the unclear scope of free property, the imperfect procedure of exercising free property rights and the debtor's arbitrary disposal of free property, which need to be urgently responded to by legislation. Finally, through a comparative analysis of the free property systems in typical countries or regions, specific suggestions are put forward for the establishment of China's free property system，that is，to define the scope of free property in a reasonable manner ，specify the procedures for the exercise of the right to free property and regulate the disposal of free property by the debtor，etc. Admittedly, when studying and promoting the construction of a personal bankruptcy system in China in the future, instead of blindly borrowing from extraterritorial legislation, it is essential to adjust to the changes of the times, adapt to the law of China's market economy development, take into account the reality of China and fully consider the differences in regional economic development, to localize the construction of China's personal bankruptcy free property system.