DEA모형을 활용한 연안여객항로의 효율성 분석

In this research, we evaluate the efficiency of 22 Korean domestic coastal passenger routes for four years from 2017 to 2020 using the DEA model, which is widely used as a relative efficiency analysis technique. The contents and results of this study are as follows. (1) The input variables were the gross tonnage of ships, operating distance, and average speed of ships, and the output variables were annual transport performance, sales, and operating rate. The operating rate is a variable that has not been used in previous studies, and two input variables related to ships and this output variable were judged to be particularly highly relevant to the operational performance of the route. (2) In terms of technical efficiency, 32-36% of 22 coastal passenger routes were efficiently analyzed, and there was no significant change over the four years. In terms of pure technical efficiency, efficient routes existed 1.5 to 2.0 times on average than efficient routes in terms of technical efficiency. (3) Most of the efficiency values were analyzed to be .60 or more, and the efficient frontier pattern over 4 years was similar. (4) Since all inefficient coastal passenger routes were analyzed as a decreasing return to scale, it is thought that operating companies of coastal routes should focus on efforts to increase efficiency at other levels rather than increasing the operating scale. (5) The routes existing in the efficient frontier of technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency were investigated, and routes to be practical benchmarking were proposed. (6) The improvement amounts of the output variables that can move the inefficient routes to the efficient frontier were presented. This paper can be used as basic data to establish policies to revitalize domestic coastal passenger routes, and provide useful information to operational shipping companies to establish management strategies and operating plans to enhance competitiveness.