도시 커먼즈 관점에서 본 우리나라의 사회적 부동산

The concept of the commons, which don’t belong to the state and/or the private agent, attracts many people’s attention again as an alternative to the conventional market economy system and the modern society that cannot address the problem of inequality, poverty, and climate change. As the discourse about the commons evolves to account for new commons in urban space, the concept of the urban commons appears. Recently, several social property that many local residents own and manage together to contribute to their community constantly comes out in Korea with the same background with the commons and the urban commons. In this sense, this study focuses on the discourse about the urban commons in Korea and aims to analyze and interpret the social real estate case of Korea in perspective of the urban commons. The result of the analysis shows that the urban commons, unlike the traditional commons, means the whole process and life style to make a new commons rather than the management of given common pool resources. Therefore, the urban commons has a variety of types of resources including both tangible and intangible, and, reflecting the characteristics of cities, the boundary of the participants of urban commons is blurred or changes flexibly. The result of the analysis of the Gunmack 1897 cooperative, which is located at Mokpo-si, Korea, shows that it contains most characteristics of the urban commons in terms of community, institution, and common resources. Specifically, the cooperative has a prominent common value because a real estate is a visible common resource, the boundary of the participants is flexible, and the space has a little exclusivity. Consequently, the social real estate is both one of the urban commons and important basis, and has a critical role in everyday urban life due to the connectivity with the property ownership.