힌두 민족주의의 힌두 정체성과 타자 — RSS와 M. S. 골왈까르(Mahadev Sadashiv Golwalkar, 1906-1973)의 사상을 중심으로 —

Revival of Hindu Nationalism and its political success since the 1990s brought about not only changes in political topography and policy but also shifts in personal and social levels such as realization and activation of Hindu identity. The electoral success of Hindu nationalism was engendered by the series of activities which strengthen the Hindu identity by way of the religious campaigns to aggravate the Hindu-Muslim conflicts and the suppression of minorities. RSS is a cardinal organization which provided the ideological basis and manpower to the these activities. RSS has been paramilitary organization with the influence of terrorist faction in Indian nationalism since its foundation in 1925. It has also showed the enmity against non-Hindu groups, especially Muslims, Christians and Communists. The thoughts of Golwalkar, who led RSS more than 30 years as its chief leader, inspired its members to enhance their religiosity and identity as a part of Hindu nation and gave ground to perceive the minority groups as “others” and the targets of hatred. Hindu nationalism pursued solidarity among themselves with its aggressiveness and exclusion of others when it was ideology of a minority group. Now it needs to establish broader ideology to embrace whole Indian citizens at present situation when BJP keeps stable governance as a ruling party.