Climate Change and ESG: Focused on Green Bond Design

We investigate about climate change, which is now emerging as a hot potato, and realize its seriousness. To respond to climate change, carbon reduction strategies are vitally important. We examine the effect of carbon reduction on ESG score improvement and show the importance of ESG management by using the concept of green spread which is a financial environmental cleanliness measure. An aim of this study is to predict numerically the impact of carbon reduction on national cleanliness and economic benefits using the methodology of CO2 emission-backed securities. In order to get attention from many people to the reduction of GHG gas, we compute risk premiums of the securities and did securitization of CO2 emissions. Then, issuing the securities will stimulate investors about the national CO2 reduction activities. Also, we expect that this study gives countries an incentive to reduce their CO2 emissions and prepare for climate change.