중국 해양환경보호법의 변화와 시사점

In 1982 the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea officially entered into force, and China transformed the contents of the treaty into domestic law and legislated the marine environmental protection law. Since 1982, it was amended four times in 1999, 2013, 2016, and 2017. The revised draft of the Marine Environmental Protection Law was published in December 2022 and is collecting opinions from the public. This draft law unified the land environment administration and the marine environment administration in 2018. The principle of integrated management of land and marine was declared as the basic principle of marine environment conservation, and the laws and regulations were revised and supplemented to materialize the principle. In addition, by reflecting the important contents of the Convention on Biological Diversity and the International Convention on Ship Pollution, the domestic legal system was improved to respond to the international trend in climate change and biodiversity. To preserve and manage the marine environment and improve a systematic and effective legal system for the management of terrestrial pollutants, the Korea government has continuously discussed the integrated management of the marine and terrestrial environment. Recently, Marine Environment Management Act has been amended to implement the total coastal pollution management system for special management sea areas and to realize the carbon reduction target in ship operation. Such as strengthening obligations to ship owners in fuel oil and ship emission control sea areas. In this context, this study examines the enactment and main contents of the Chinese Marine Environmental Protection Act. Analyzes integrated management of land and sea, control of terrestrial pollution sources, regulation of the total amount of pollutants in special management sea areas, and ship pollution. We will check the changes in the Chinese legislation on pollution control and find implications for improving the Korean legal system.