대체역 제도 개선방안 연구-그리스와 핀란드 사례를 중심으로

For decades, conscientious objectors have been punished. Controversy has been raised over human rights violations, such as infringement of individual freedom. Against this backdrop, the Constitutional Court in 2018 ruled that punishing conscientious objectors without providing an optional alternative is not consistent with the Constitution. Accordingly, an Alternative Military Service Policy is being implemented in 2020, and two years later, research on how to diagnose and reorganize the system is needed. In particular, the current issue is that the service period is twice the active duty period, and the service field is limited to Correctional facilities. On the other hand, most of the preceding studies were conducted before the implementation of the system, and the studies after the implementation are extremely limited. This study selects and investigates countries with similar internal and external environments to Korea in the context of 'historical institutionalism'. Through this, it is intended to provide a policy supplement logic different from existing research. This study focused on Finnish and Greek cases and conducted a case analysis focusing on the period of service, the field of service, the type of service, and the screening system. Based on the above overseas case analysis, the main implications are as follows. The first period of service requires gradual re-establishment. It was suggested that the service period be considered in combination with the service field (difficulty), service type (whether or not it is possible to commute), and the examination system(Application or Examination), but gradually reduced by 1.8 times in the short and medium term and 1.5 times in the long term. In addition, in terms of service field and form, Korea is currently unified into correctional facilities and camp service, but in the future, it is necessary to expand from non-military areas to various public interest fields. On the other hand, assuming that the system is relaxed in the examination system, it is necessary to maintain strict Examination to prevent abuse.