中国突发事件应急征用补偿的法律制度检视与优化路径
Review and optimization of legal system of China's emergency requisition Compensation
강정화(중국 연변대학 법학원); 최기성(연변대학 법학원 석사연구생)
17권 2호, 171~189쪽
초록
应急征用补偿制度, 在促使公权主体快速应对突发事件, 有效缓解突发事件下物资不充足的问 题, 进而维护公共利益, 保护私人权益, 促进法治政府建设的进程方面发挥着重要意义。 应急征用 补偿制度作为, 弥补和补偿由于应急状态下公权力的正当扩张所导致的, 被征用主体权利的缩减, 其具有平衡公私权利的作用。 现行立法中, 有关应急征用补偿的规定散见于法律、 地方性法规、 地 方政府规章及其他行政规范性文件, 中央层面也尚未制定统一的突发事件应急征用补偿立法, 无法 有效应对突发事件的发生。 与此同时, 实践中由于应急征用补偿主体不统一、 应急征用补偿标准不 明确、 应急征用补偿程序不规范且效率低下, 导致被征用主体无法得到补偿或者补偿不够及时充分 的现象也频繁出现, 因而应急征用补偿法律制度亟须改善。 应统一突发事件应急征用补偿的立法, 可由国务院制定统一的突发事件应急征用补偿办法, 并及时修改相关配套立法。 应明确应急征用补 偿主体, 应急征用补偿主体应规定为县级以上的主体。 应明确突发事件应急征用补偿标准, 规定为 合法公平补偿标准。 提高补偿效率, 突发事件应急征用补偿的程序应具体应分为依职权的补偿程序 和依申请的补偿程序, 并将依职权的补偿程序作为一般程序。
Abstract
The emergency requisition compensation system plays an important role in promoting the subject of public power to respond quickly to emergencies, effectively alleviating the problem of insufficient materials under emergencies, and then safeguarding public interests, protecting private rights and interests, and promoting the process of building a government under the rule of law.The emergency requisition compensation system can make up for and compensate for the reduction of the requisition subject's rights caused by the legitimate expansion of public power under the emergency state, and it has the role of balancing public and private rights. In the current legislation, the provisions on emergency requisition compensation are scattered in laws, local regulations, local government rules and other administrative normative documents, and the central level has not yet formulated unified emergency requisition compensation legislation, which can not effectively respond to emergencies. At the same time, in practice, due to the non-uniform emergency expropriation compensation subjects, unclear emergency expropriation compensation standards, emergency expropriation compensation procedures are not standardized and inefficient, resulting in the requisitioned subjects can not get compensation or compensation is not timely and adequate phenomenon, so the legal system of emergency expropriation compensation urgently needs to be improved. Legislation on emergency requisition compensation should be unified, and The State Council can formulate unified emergency requisition compensation measures and amend relevant supporting legislation in a timely manner. The main body of emergency requisition compensation should be defined, and the main body of emergency requisition compensation should be specified as the main body above the county level. The compensation standard for emergency requisition should be clearly defined as the legal and fair compensation standard.To improve the compensation efficiency, the compensation procedure for emergency requisition should be divided into the compensation procedure based on authority and the compensation procedure based on application, and the compensation procedure based on authority should be regarded as a general procedure.
- 발행기관:
- 동북아법연구소
- 분류:
- 비교법학