국민연금과 기초연금 소득대체율 효과 분석

As Korea faces a declining birthrate and aging population, the need for adequate old-age income security is emerging. This study examined the benefit formula structure of the Basic Pension and the National Pension, two of Korea’s representative old-age income security systems, and analyzed the effectiveness of old-age income security through the income replacement ratio, an indicator that can measure old-age income security. According to the analysis, the pension income replacement rates of the National Pension and the Basic Pension(inflation-linked) were 20.2% and 11.0%, respectively, with no change in the pension income replacement rate depending on the time of receipt. In the case of the basic pension (adequacy assessment), the benefit level is increased by a certain percentage from the value at the time of the adequacy assessment every five years. The pension income replacement rate of the basic pension (adequacy assessment) increases continuously from 11% in the first year of receipt to 15.9% in the later years of receipt. The results show that the real pension security effect of the basic pension is greater than that of the national pension when looking at the entire period of benefits, and that the basic pension is more effective in securing old age income for low-income people than for high-income people. This study is different in that it considers both the national pension and the basic pension at the same time to analyze the effect of old-age income security.