국민 삶의 질과 국가 결산보고서의 연계가능성에 대한 탐색 : 뉴질랜드 사례 비교를 중심으로

[Purpose] This study aims to preliminarily examine the role that accrual accounting information can play as a tool to provide insights into whether the current fiscal activities in South Korea are contributing to improving the quality of life for its citizens [Methodology] For this purpose, a comparison was made between the New Zealand governmental fiscal reporting case and Korean governmental fiscal reporting cases. New Zealand is a country that applies accrual－based double－entry accounting to both budget accounting and financial accounting, encompassing assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses in all fiscal areas. It is the only country attempting to link the indicators of citizens' well－being with its financial reporting. [Findings] This study finds the followings: First, there is an attempt to depart from conventional accounting standards in order to measure the contribution to the well－being of citizens by representing and measuring governmental assets and liabilities in various portfolios (social portfolio, financial portfolio, commercial portfolio). Second, it is evident that the New Zealand Ministry of Finance, responsible for government financial reporting, is proactive in the development and enhancement of indicators related to citizens' well－being, such as the Living Standards Framework (LSF). Third, despite these efforts, there are limitations in the current New Zealand accountability reporting in fully integrating LSF and financial reporting. Fourth, presenting estimated data from an accrual accounting perspective regarding whether portfolios related to improving citizens' quality of life will continue to play their role in the future is also significant. Accordingly, if the current governmental fiscal reporting in South Korea were to be linked to quality of life, the following aspects should be considered: First, the quality of life of citizens is influenced by a wide range of factors, and the measurement of itself is challenging, given its subjectivity, variability, and complexity. Therefore, it is important for the process of measuring quality of life and its reflection in accountability reporting to be organically connected. [Implications] Therefore, from a short－term perspective, a practical method to link citizens' well－being with accrual financial information appears to be the production of information through COFOG. At least, generating functionally classified information following accrual－based information standards like GFSM 2001 or later, along with generating related asset/liability information, and linking them with well－being indicators, would be a realistic approach in the short term. In the long term, it seems necessary for indicators measuring citizens' quality of life to be established stably and integrated with accrual financial information. The process of measuring quality of life and its reflection in accountability reporting should be systematically connected, and there may be a need to restructure governance of indicator generation and national accountability－related tasks under a single organization to oversee this process. Additionally, the possibilities of measuring fiscal risks and preparing reports for long－term should be considered.