글로벌지속가능철강협정(GSSA)과 EU 탄소국경조정제도(CBAM)의 국제통상법적 영향과 대응: 글로벌 철강 시장과 탄소배출 규제를 중심으로

This study analyzes the progression of the US-EU Global Arrangement on Sustainable Steel and Aluminum(GSSA) and the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), which are pivotal in regulating trade of high carbon-emitting products like steel amid climate change. While these initiatives aim to reduce carbon emissions in industries such as steel for environmental protection, they are perceived as protectionist measures by developing countries, raising potential conflicts with the WTO's non- discrimination principle. This research delves into the background and key elements of GSSA and CBAM, and evaluates their alignment with international trade law by examining GATT/WTO Schedules of Concessions, environmental and security exceptions cases during the period from 1980 to 2021, to assess their compatibility. The study also covers major issues related to WTO subsidies and anti-dumping provisions. Furthermore it delves into the impact of these environmental regulations on the steel industries of key exporting countries, not only South Korea but China, Japan, and India also and explores their response strategies. The potential for international trade disputes and cooperation in light of these developments is also touched upon. By comparing the similarities and differences between GSSA and CBAM, the study draws implications for South Korea's strategic positioning in the evolving global environmental regulatory landscape. Additionally it proposes how South Korea can establish itself as a more inclusive trading partner and an indicating state in global trade standards.