난민 직업교육･취업 지원 법제 현황과 과제 : 독일 사례를 중심으로

Korea is expected to face an era in which one in three working-age population is migrants in 50 years due to the low birth rate and aging population. Amid these difficulties, the efficient use of migrant manpower such as refugees is required for sustainable growth. Meanwhile, one percent people in the world are refugees, and the rapid increase in climate refugees and the influx of refugees into Korea are expected to increase in the future. Accepting refugees has a large financial burden such as support for settlement in the short term, but has the effect of increasing the economic growth rate in the mid to long term. Countries that already need to secure a working population, such as Germany and Canada, are actively accepting refugees and using them as excellent human resources. To this end, countries such as Germany are taking the lead in using refugees from the initial stage of influx by providing job orientation, providing customized vocational education and training, and certifying educational background and qualification without official documents. Korea's refugee law guarantees compliance with international conventions and a minimum right to live to fulfill international obligations. There is also a lack of perspective on refugees as an object of social integration, and there is a lack of mechanisms to support active vocational education, vocational training, and employment. In order to use refugees as an excellent human resource for co-growth, a perspective on refugees as a subject of inclusion and co-growth is necessary, and laws and regulations in the direction of systematic vocational education and employment support need to be revised. From this point of view, this study suggested a shift from screening-oriented to the perspective of using refugee capabilities, practical guarantees of refugees' participation in vocational education and vocational training, strengthening accountability to provide employment information, introducing exceptions to the education and qualification certification system, and improve refugee acceptance.