인공지능(AI)의 문화예술법에 대한 도전과 입법적 응전
A Study on the Challenges and Legislative Response of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to Cultural Arts Law
강기홍(서울과학기술대학교 행정학과)
21권 1호, 5~41쪽
초록
(생성형)AI 기술의 발전은 딥페이크(deepfake), 사이버공격 가능성 등 그 위험이드러나거나 예견되고 있고, 문화예술영역에서도 프롬프트 창작, “가짜기억(pseudomnesia)” 사진, ‘모창(模唱) AI’와 같은 법적으로 대응해야할 사안들이 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라 본고에서는 4차 산업혁명의 핵심에 위치한 AI 발전에 따른법적 도전을 문화예술법에 한정하여 대응 방안을 입법적으로 제시하는 것을 목표로 하고 있다. 본고의 연구결과로 세 가지 제안을 하였다. 첫째, 「문화기본법」 제7 조의2를 신설하여 문화영역에서 인공지능 활성화를 촉진하는 것을 제안하였다. 둘째, 「콘텐츠산업 진흥법」 제9조의2를 신설하여 인공지능을 활용한 콘텐츠 제작을촉진할 것을 제안하였다. 셋째, 「저작권법」 일부를 개정하여 문화예술 분야에서의인공지능 활용과 규제를 조화롭게 다루고 기존 창작자의 저작물을 보호하는 방안을 제시하였다. 「문화기본법」과 「콘텐츠산업 진흥법」에서는 인공지능이 문화예술창작에 효율적으로 ‘활용’될 수 있는 환경에, 「저작권법」에서는 인공지능의 ‘활용과 규제’를 균형 있게 다루면서 창작자의 권리를 보호하는 동시에 인간의 존엄성존중을 고려하여 규제적 측면에 방점을 두었다.
Abstract
This study aims to propose legislative responses within the cultural and arts law domain to the legal challenges arising from the development of artificial intelligence (AI), positioned at the core of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. To achieve this goal, the study is structured into four parts. Firstly, the introduction discusses the positive and negative aspects of AI development from a legal perspective and introduces the structure and purpose of the paper (I). Secondly, through prior research, the study confirms that national and societal responses to AI development manifest in two directions: the utilization of AI and regulation, and analyzes the major issues accordingly (II). Thirdly, it examines not only the general legal challenges related to AI but also the specific challenges within cultural and arts law from an AI cultural perspective (III). Lastly, based on this analysis and review, the study proposes legislative amendments to the "Cultural Basic Act," the "Content Industry Promotion Act," and the "Copyright Act" (IV). In this paper, AI is considered a 'tool,' and the stance is taken that only those who participate in the creation of works using AI should be recognized as creators. Furthermore, it is argued that the unauthorized use or production of all works protected by the "Copyright Act" using AI is illegal, and the responsibility lies with the AI owner and user. Based on this position, the legislative outcomes related to cultural and arts law derived in this study can be summarized into three aspects. Firstly, it proposes the establishment of Article 7-2 in the "Cultural Basic Act" to promote the activation of AI in the cultural domain. Secondly, it suggests the establishment of Article 9-2 in the "Content Industry Promotion Act" to promote content production utilizing AI. Thirdly, it proposes amendments to certain parts of the "Copyright Act" to harmoniously address the utilization and regulation of AI in the cultural and arts field while protecting the rights of existing creators. The first and second proposals emphasize the aspect of AI being efficiently 'utilized' in cultural and arts creation, while the third proposal considers balancing the 'utilization and regulation' of AI in the cultural and arts field while keeping in mind the protection of creators' rights.
- 발행기관:
- 한국입법학회
- 분류:
- 법학