미국 헌법상 종교적 실현 자유의 규제와 심사기준에 관한 연구 -연방대법원 판결을 중심으로-

This paper intends to review RLUIPA (Religious Land Use and Inmate Act) and RFRA (Religious Freedom Restoration Act), which are major laws that guarantee religious freedom in the United States. RLUIPA focuses on the use of land by religious groups and the protection of religious rights in detention facilities, and restricts the government from imposing unreasonable restrictions on religious practice. The law stipulated that the government should demonstrate a significant public interest purpose for regulations that substantially limit religious practice and use minimum methods to achieve that purpose. On the other hand, RFRA emphasizes that government restrictions on individual religious practices must go through strict screening, and this law seeks to minimize the impact of government actions on individual religious freedom. The legal protection of religious freedom is important, but it poses a complex problem due to conflicts with various social values. In this regard, continuous legal and social discussions are required, and it is intended to provide important implications for how religious beliefs and practices can coexist in a diverse society.