李奎報와 劉克莊의 사회시에 드러난 우국우민 의식

This paper examines the expressions of patriotic and people-loving sentiments in the social poems of Lee Gyu-bo (1168–1241) of the Goryeo Dynasty and Liu Kezhuang (1187–1269) of the Southern Song Dynasty. Social poetry is fundamentally rooted in the writer’s critical spirit and reflects a critical awareness of society as a concept relative to the individual. When viewed as poetry that encapsulates the writer’s interest in the people and their critical consciousness of society, it contains an active practical consciousness aimed at reforming society. Additionally, based on the purpose of its creation, social poetry can be divided into poems expressing loyal sentiments toward political realities and those expressing criticism and satire of these realities. Both Lee Gyu-bo and Liu Kezhuang, due to economic hardship, entered officialdom. Despite facing trial as bureaucrats, they observed the realities of their respective countries and societies, expressing patriotic and people-loving sentiments in their poetry and revealing the incompetence of those in power and their concerns for the people. Lee Gyu-bo’s poetry not only expressed sorrow for the difficulties faced by the people, but also conveyed a will to overcome the bleak reality of his time and hope for a better future. Conversely, Liu Kezhuang realistically depicted the contradictions between the state (war) and society (people), vividly portraying the miserable situation of the people. Ultimately, while Lee Gyu-bo’s poetry emphasized overcoming reality and hope, Liu Kezhuang’s poetry focused on people’s plight during wars and disasters, vividly expressing patriotic and people-loving sentiments by highlighting the harsh realities faced by the common people. Through their unique approaches, both poets critically addressed the issues of their time and reflected deep concern and affection for the people in their poetry.