저축은행산업의 수익성 및 건전성 양극화 분석

This study aims to examine the current status and trends of the polarization of profitability and soundness in the savings bank industry, focusing on the differences between small and large savings banks and between metropolitan and non- metropolitan savings banks, and to analyze the major factors influencing this. Using panel data on 79 savings banks from the fourth quarter of 2015 to the fourth quarter of 2023, a random effects model was employed to empirically estimate the determinants of savings banks’ profitability and soundness. The estimation results for the determinants of profitability show that, for savings banks located in non- metropolitan areas, the asset size of individual savings banks is a major factor in the profitability polarization. However, for savings banks located in metropolitan areas, the asset size of individual savings banks does not significantly affect their profitability. On the other hand, in terms of soundness polarization, it was found that the average non-performing loan (NPL) ratio of metropolitan savings banks is consistently lower than that of non-metropolitan savings banks. This polarization is not due to the inclusion of metropolitan areas in their business areas but rather because the asset size of metropolitan savings banks is larger than that of non- metropolitan savings banks.